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Rev. chil. urol ; 74(1): 35-42, 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-562707

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El cáncer de próstata (Ca) constituye la tercera causa de mortalidad en la población masculina chilena. Se plantea la necesidad de conocer el nivel de conocimiento médico del Ca prostático y su aplicabilidad en la Atención Primaria. Metodología: Estudio transversal de una muestra de médicos generales, distribuidos en 3 Servicios de Salud Metropolitanos. Mediante una encuesta de selección múltiple, se consideraron las variables: factores de riesgo, exámenes de screening y complementarios, Ca prostático en el Plan AUGE y grado de información proporcionada a la población masculina.Resultados: 234 médicos generales. Factores de riesgo reconocidos: edad (93,3 por ciento), antecedente familiar de Ca (78,4 ciento) y tabaquismo (32,1 ciento). El 46,2 ciento realiza rara vez el tacto rectal (TR), identificando como principales razones: rechazo del paciente (52,8 por ciento) e incomodidad (41,7 por ciento). El 60,3 por ciento solicita el Antígeno prostático específico (APE), 53 por ciento identifica corte de 4 ng/ml sospechosa de Ca y 22,6 por ciento considera cifras mayores a 10 ng/ml. El 77,6 por ciento considera que la anamnesis, TR y APE, son los exámenes básicos para derivar al especialista; 5,1 por ciento desconoce que esta patología pertenece al Plan AUGE, 51,7 por ciento desconoce la edad de cobertura. Sólo un 40,2 por ciento realiza frecuentemente consejería a la población masculina consultante. Conclusiones: Estos resultados enfatizan la necesidad de analizar el impacto de las medidas de prevención del Ca de próstata y ofrecer capacitación a los médicos generales respecto a la sintomatología, TR e ingreso al Plan AUGE, que permita brindar un diagnóstico oportuno para reducir la morbimortalidad y mejorar su pronóstico.


Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the third cause of mortality in the Chilean male population. It is proposed that the knowledge level of PCa physicians is assessed in combination with the application of this knowledge in the Primary Care. Methology: A transversal study of a sample of general physicians distributed in 3 Metropolitan Health Service Units. A multiple-selection survey is used to evaluate the following variables: risk factors, screening and complementary exams, PCa within the special plan for the Universal Access to Explicit Guarantees or AUGE, and the level of information provided to the male population. Results: 234 general physicians. Identified risk factors: age (93.3 percent), family antecedents of Ca (78.4 percent) and tobacco smoking (32.1 percent). 46.2 percent rarely apply digital rectal examination (DRE) due to the following main reasons: patient denial (52.8 percent) and discomfort (41.7 percent). 60.3 percent requires the prostate-specific antigen (PSA), 53 percent identifies a 4 ng/ml cutting as suspicious of Ca, whilst 22.6 percent considers cuttings greater than 10ng/mg. 77.6 percent considers that the anamnesis, DRE and PSA are the basic exams leading to a specialist. 5.3 percent disregards that this pathology belongs to the AUGE Plan, 51.7 percent neglects the age range that is covered by the system, and only 40.2 percent frequently advises the consulting male population. Conclusions: These results highlight the need to analyze the impact of PCa prevention measures, and to offer training to general physicians in symptomatology, DRE and the coverage of the AUGE Plan, in order to provide a prompt diagnose, to reduce the morbimortality, and thus to improve its forecast.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Primary Health Care , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mass Screening , Attitude of Health Personnel , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Chile/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Prostatic Neoplasms/prevention & control , Prostatic Neoplasms/psychology , Data Collection , Digital Rectal Examination
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